In the past, sodium lamps have been expensive to install and maintain, requiring manual inspection and manual controls.

GreenTouch is a consortium of leading Information and Communications Technology (ICT) industry, academic and non-governmental research experts dedicated to fundamentally transforming communications and data networks, including the Internet, and significantly reducing the carbon footprint of ICT devices, platforms and networks.Two factors motivated the formation of GreenTouch in early 2010. First, energy consumption in ICT networks is increasing in part due to exponential network growth, especially with the explosion of wireless data traffic. Network growth is outpacing equipment efficiency, which is slowing as limits to historical capacity and scaling laws loom. This trend could adversely affect the Internet and the broad energy efficiency benefits that ICT networks and associated smart technologies enable. The second motivation is the urgent need to meet the global challenge of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Every industry must play its part and ICT, at the forefront of technology, can be a leader here.To dramatically reduce the energy consumption of today’s ICT networks, a radical new approach was needed. Meeting the challenge depends on collaborative efforts that take advantage of innovation and expertise from around the world. GreenTouch brings together this expertise in a consortium whose members -- leading industry enterprises, entrepreneurs, and researchers from across the ICT community -- work in concert to invent the technologies that can achieve sustainable networks in the decades to come.GreenTouch has also been stimulated by recent research that identifies a gap between rapid network growth rates today and historical equipment efficiency improvements -- a gap that promises to increase over the decades ahead. Technologies in use today, even considering best-case projected energy efficiency improvements, are not expected to be sufficient to check the rate of energy consumption over the long term. At the same time, key technology energy limits associated with existing underlying components of ICT networks (optical, wireless, electronics, routing, architecture, etc.) are still many orders of magnitude below current operating levels.

oneM2M's architecture and standards for M2M communications are designed to be applied in many different industries, and take account of input and requirements from any sector.The purpose and goal of oneM2M is to develop technical specifications which address the need for a common M2M Service Layer that can be readily embedded within various hardware and software, and relied upon to connect the myriad of devices in the field with M2M application servers worldwide. A critical objective of oneM2M is to attract and actively involve organizations from M2M-related business domains such as: telematics and intelligent transportation, healthcare, utilities, industrial automation, smart homes, etc. Initially, oneM2M shall prepare, approve and maintain the necessary set of Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for:- Use cases and requirements for a common set of Service Layer capabilities;- Service Layer aspects with high level and detailed service architecture, in light of an access independent view of end-to-end services;- Protocols/APIs/standard objects based on this architecture (open interfaces & protocols);- Security and privacy aspects (authentication, encryption, integrity verification);- Reachability and discovery of applications;- Interoperability, including test and conformance specifications;- Collection of data for charging records (to be used for billing and statistical purposes);- Identification and naming of devices and applications;- Information models and data management (including store and subscribe/notify functionality);- Management aspects (including remote management of entities); and- Common use cases, terminal/module aspects, including Service Layer interfaces/APIs

OMA was formed by the world’s leading mobile operators, device and network suppliers, information technology companies and content providers as the industry focal point for the development of mobile service enabler specifications. OMA is a non-profit organization that delivers open specifications for creating interoperable services that work across all geographical boundaries, on any bearer network. OMA’s specifications support the billions of new and existing terminals across a variety of wireless networks, including traditional cellular operator networks and emerging networks supporting machine-to-machine device communications for the Internet of Things (IoT).Significant new work in OMA is leading to the development of next generation mobile services in areas such as Device Management, LBS, IoT, APIs and more.Goals of OMA:- Deliver high quality, open technical specifications based upon market requirements that drive modularity, extensibility, and consistency amongst enablers to reduce industry implementation efforts.- Ensure OMA service enabler specifications provide interoperability across different devices, geographies, service providers, operators, and networks; facilitate interoperability of the resulting product implementations.- Be the catalyst for the consolidation of standards activity within the mobile data service industry; working in conjunction with other existing standards organizations and industry fora to improve interoperability and decrease operational costs for all involved.- Provide value and benefits to members in OMA from all parts of the value chain including content and service providers, information technology providers, mobile operators and wireless vendors such that they elect to actively participate in the organization.

China Telecommunications Corporation known as its trading name China Telecom is a Chinese state-owned telecommunication company. It is the largest fixed-line service and the third largest mobile telecommunication provider in China.With the world’s largest broadband Internet network and a leading-edge mobile communications network, China Telecom is capable of providing cross-region, fully-integrated information services, and a sound customer service channel system to global customers. Today, the company has become the largest LTE-FDD 4G operator, optical broadband operator, IPTV operator, and fixed-line telephone operator in the world. Up to now, our users of diversified services total 700 million.China Telecom owns has three listed companies: China Telecom Corporation Limited (Chinese: 中国电信股份有限公司), China Communications Services Corporation Limited (Chinese: 中国通信服务股份有限公司) and Besttone Holding Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 号百控股股份有限公司).As the main force for building a cyber power, digital China and smart society, a forerunner in supply-side reform in the fields of Cloud Computing, big data, and Artificial Intelligence, and a provider of network infrastructure, China Telecom will make new achievements in a new era.